Impact of Islam on West Africa Essay

Islam impacted West Africa in many ways. It changed the people’s views of their rulers, and in some people, even the way they viewed the world. Other aspects stayed the same, like the beliefs of the pagan people and how they lived. The most important connection that Islam made globally was the establishment of trading centers and routes. When Muslims brought Islam into West Africa from across the Sahara, Africans were attracted to it because it helped them through a time where their rulers were changing. Rulers were extremely attracted to the Islamic idea of state and religion being united under one ruler because they thought it would help reinforce their authority. Also, many lower people converted to Islam because of its egalitarian beliefs. The fact that all people were viewed as equals appealed to them, for they then would be equal to the people that looked down upon them. In many ways, Islam changed the views of the people in West Africa. As Islam was growing rapidly, many people were converting, yet pagan people did not want to change their polytheistic views on life because that was the only thing they had to look forward to. Unlike Hinduism, Islam was very strict when it came to including other beliefs along with theirs. Pagan people made up a large part of the West African population. Therefore in order for Islam to spread even further, Sufi mystics integrated pagan beliefs into Islam. The beliefs did not change, and the pagan people were at peace with the pagan people and its ideas. In global context, Islam made an important connection with other parts of the world through trade. West Africa had many points where Muslims established trading centers that traded with Asia and Europe. Trade spread Islamic ideas to other parts of the world, introducing new regions and empires to egalitarian and monotheistic beliefs. These beliefs helped other regions in the world deal with war, conquering of their land, and unlawful taxation that was part of the people’s daily lives. Without establishing trade routes, Islam could not have impacted other parts of the world as much as it had in such a short time. The changes Islam made in the views of the West Africans helped them get through rough times, and unified them. The continuity of the beliefs of the pagan people also helped Islam spread, and kept most of the empire in order. The impact of Islam in multiple ways helped unify West Africa, and established important connections around the world.

How does Wordsworth portray real people in The Lyrical Ballads? Essay

Lyrical Ballads, and in particular the Preface to Lyrical Ballads, is considered a central work of Romantic literary theory. In it, Wordsworth discusses what he sees as the elements of a new type of poetry, one based on the â€Å"real language of men† and the work itself avoids the poetic diction of much eighteenth-century poetry, whose most famous exponent was John Milton in Paradise Lost, which benefitted from drastic overuse of verbose Latinate vocabulary. He felt this wasn’t an accurate reflection of real people, and sought to portray them through using language which they used. In the Preface to Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth famously described poetry as the â€Å"spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings from emotions recollected in tranquility†, and wrote to justify – in theoretical terms – his practice of writing a new and â€Å"experimental† poetry, one whose language is â€Å"fitting to metrical arrangement a selection of the real lan guage of men in a state of vivid sensation.† He rejected the Miltonic approach to poetry, and instead favoured much more Anglo-Saxon words, for their gritty implications – appropriate for a publication in which most of the poems are focused around everyday people and situations. Unsurprisingly, these are very pastoral poems, many of which solely include narrative. Although this may seem mundane for such a famous poet, this was Wordsworth’s statement of protest against the style of the time, and his digression instead led to a new style of poetry in which living language is valued highly, as it allows a sense of man speaking to man, and is a more accessible style of poetry than his predecessors’. In Michael, a poem about a father and son who form an eternal bond (Michael, an eighty-year old shepherd, and Luke, his son), Wordsworth portrays the relationship between the two. The first indication we receive of the tight-knit paternal bond is the use of language when describing Michael’s care for Luke. On two occasions, Michael’s affection is emphasised by using particularly matriarchal language: â€Å"[Michael] had done him [Luke] female service† and â€Å"†¦ female hand† . Wordsworth tries to convey the strength of the bond between the two in an ordinary working family; a clear diversion from the traditional poetry of the time. Michael is evidently a plain, hard-working, content and fulfilled man, but the land he has worked and lived on has to be sold on when his brother defaults on a loan that Michael had guaranteed. From line 236 († â€Å"Isabel,† said he, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ), Wordsworth uses dialogue for the first time to instill the sense of a soliloquy in the poem. Michael speaks with a Shakespearean dignity; he is more upset that he is soon to lose his land, and his family will be affected, than that his brother has betrayed him. The nature of the poem itself is something which concentrates itself around the ostensibly ordinary; it is, by definition, a pastoral poem. It describes the life of a shepherd and his family, but even this varies from the traditional meaning of the word, as the country scene is far from idyllic. After hearing that his land will have to be sold, and sending off his son in order to make enough money for the family to still be comfortable, Michael goes about constructing a sheepfold, of which Luke lays the cornerstone. This is, again, a seemingly unimportant detail, especially given the content of contemporary poetry, but in the context of a shepherd’s life, this is more than a mere detail, and within the context of the poem, it is critical. Firstly, it provides us with possibly the best example of typically Wordsworthian language in the whole poem: the building materials are described as a â€Å"Straggling heap of unhewn stones†, a phrase which exemplifies the fricative consonants and drawn-out vowels of inherently Anglo-Saxon vocabulary. The pile of stones is also crucial to the poem as it signifies the transient impermanence and brevity of life, which leads us into thinking of Michael’s life – he has worked for â€Å"70 years† for everything he owns, and it is to be taken from him in a relative instant. The sheepfold itself is never finished, as Michael learns that Luke has become a criminal and must flee â€Å"beyond the seas† – every day for the rest of his life, Michael goes to mourn the ‘death’ of his son at the pile of stones, and, seven years later, he dies. The poem’s obvious purpose is to support his notion that a pastoral life is pure, moral, and happy. Wordsworth believed that living close to nature, living an uncomplicated, spiritual life devoted to honest labor was the ideal. His narrative suggests that if Luke had remained in the natural valley with his parents and continued to live the pastoral life, he would have retained his moral character and would have later saved his parents from years of grief. Although Michael is the prime example of Wordsworth’s portrayal of real people in The Lyrical Ballads, several other poems display his wish to convey the lives of real people through techniques such as language and routine situations.

How does Shakespeare present the conflict of good and evil in his play, Macbeth? Essay

How do these extremes reflect the time in which the play was written? (20 marks) The play Macbeth presents the antithesis of good and evil as a concept that is absolute. The play follows the common religious beliefs of the time in presenting three main causes of evil: the total depravity of man, temptation from others and satanic influence. Good is also presented but is not the focus of the play. This is a play about evil, treason and uncertainty – a reflection of the turbulent times of Jacobean England under James I where the conflict between good and evil actions was very real. In examining the three ways in which Shakespeare presents the conflict, a good place to start would be total depravity. Primarily we see this battle of conscience versus will of the flesh personified in the character of Macbeth. In Act 1 Scene 4, after Duncan names Malcom as his successor, Macbeth laments that Malcom is an obstacle: â€Å"On which I must fall down, or else o’erleap, / For in my way it lies.† We can see at this stage Macbeth is still undecided at what his course of action will be. His conscience tells him to give up, to â€Å"fall down†, but if he is to fulfil his desire of becoming king he must â€Å"o’erleap† such hindrances. He goes on to say, â€Å"Stars hide your fires, / Let not light see my black and deep desires.† Evil committed in darkness is a recurring theme across the play. Macbeth wishes to hide his evil deeds in the night, out of the sight of men and arguably out of the sight of God, as light typifies all that is good and at the time God was considered to be the ultimate good. This meaning would not have been lost on a Jacobean audience. The next couplet further emphasises the discord man can experience within himself: â€Å"The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be, / Which the eye fears when it is done to see.† This conveys that man can be blind to his own actions, and not even be aware he is committing evil until his eye fearfully surveys the damage caused. The dual use of rhyming couplets at the end of the speech emphasises how twisted and evil Macbeth is becoming. This idea of man choosing darkness was a common idea of the times. The Puritans believed strongly in the doctrine of Total Depravity, the idea that when given the choice between good and evil man will eventually chose sin by default and is not capable of doing good without divine intervention. In John Calvin’s ‘Institutes of the Christian Religion’ he explains evil as â€Å"a hereditary, depravity and corruption of our nature†. However, Banquo is an example of how the Jacobeans believed a religious man can overcome temptation. He is subjected to the same temptation as Macbeth but in Act 2 Scene 1 he is seen praying, â€Å"Merciful powers / Restrain me in the cursed thoughts that nature / Gives way to repose.† He asks for his depraved nature to be restrained so he will be able to choose to do good. It is possible that he himself is considering killing the king. The â€Å"cursed thoughts† that he speaks of have begun to transpose as nightmares, which represent how darkness is seeping into even the Scottish people’s repose. Sleep would normally be associated with peace and rest, but slowly it becomes a metaphor for death and decay. Following on from that the second way Shakespeare presents good and evil is temptation from others. We see this presented clearly with the scenario in Act 1 Scene 5 between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. When Lady Macbeth finishes reading Macbeth’s letter she states that she fears, â€Å"thy nature, / It is too full of the milk of human kindness / To catch the nearest way.† She fears that Macbeth’s nature is too kind to take the most direct method to kingship: murdering Duncan. Here we can see how well she knows Macbeth and what drives him. She describes human kindness as â€Å"milk†. We know Lady Macbeth is currently nursing children, and milk in that sense represents all that is good, natural and necessary for survival. She implies that kindness flows as easily from Macbeth as milk from a nursing mother. She continues by saying, â€Å"Thou wouldst be great, / Art not without ambition, but without / The illness should attend it†, implying that Macbeth is an ambitious man who desires to be great, but he refuses to let evil influence his aspirations. He â€Å"wouldst not play false.† She recognises that without any external influence he will never commit the evil deeds that he is tempted towards. This is conveyed to us when she promises to, â€Å"chastise with the valour of my tongue.† The use of â€Å"chastise† creates a violent image, as if she intends to give him the verbal equivalent to a beating. She wishes to pass her boldness on to Macbeth, in variance to the typical submissive attitude that was expected of wives in that era. She further emphasises her dark and rebellious nature when the messenger informs her that Duncan is to stay in her castle that night. With an element of twisted glee she interprets the hoarse cry of the raven to foreshadow, â€Å"the fatal entrance of Duncan / Under my battlements.† She refers to the castle as if it belonged solely to her, and as if the murder of Duncan will be of her doing with minimal help from Macbeth. She is presented to the audience as just as ambitious as Macbeth, if not more. The raven itself is a bird typically associated with darkness, death and evil. It is even more ominous that it has croaked itself hoarse, conveying that evil is already corrupting Scotland before that cataclysmic deed is even committed. Lady Macbeth is adamant that she wants any form of femininity, no matter how mild, to be removed from her so that she can carry out her task efficiently. She expresses a desire to be â€Å"unsexed†. The milk analogy is continued when she asks evil spirits to, â€Å"Take my milk for gall.† She wishes that what she referred to in her previous speech as â€Å"the milk of human kindness† to be removed entirely from her and replaced with malice and evil. When she begins to tempt Macbeth she tells him that, â€Å"Your hand, your tongue; look like th’ innocent flower, / But be the serpent under’t.† She encourages Macbeth to shed his innocent, good exterior and unleash the serpent that lies below. Through the direct contrast between a flower and serpent Shakespeare conveys how incompatible good and evil are – Macbeth must choose one, for he cannot balance both. Shakespeare, through Lady Macbeth, presents good as something fickle and easily corruptible, the weaker side in the conflict between good and evil. Furthermore, referencing to a serpent is a Biblical metaphor of when Eve tempted Adam into sin. That’s not the only time in the Bible that evil women help men fall into sin: other cases include Samson and Delilah and Herod and Herodias. The Bible was taken extremely seriously in Jacobean times, and due to these beliefs that women are easier to tempt than men, Jacobean wives were expected to be submissive and obedient to their husbands, who would keep them on the right track. In his controversial book ‘The Monstrous Regiment of Women’ John Knox stated that â€Å"To promote a woman to bear rule, superiority, dominion, or empire above any realm, nation, or city, is repugnant to nature.† A woman with influence over her husband would have been taboo, but a Queen like Lady Macbeth with power over the country she ruled would have been even more unacceptable in the social hierarchy of society (Knox wrote his book in response to the reign of Elizabeth I, who died three years before Macbeth was produced). King James, who the play was written for, would have been a staunch complementarian. Ultimately Lady Macbeth’s actions lead to her demise, leaving the audience to wonder how differently her life would have been if she had not tempted Macbeth. It could be argued that the tragedy in Macbeth hinged on Lady Macbeth usurping her prescribed role. Many scholars would claim that Shakespeare was a feminist, but even if that was true he would not have been able to express such views under James’s reign. Finally, the most effective way Shakespeare presents the conflict of good and evil in Macbeth is through the involvement of the supernatural and divine. In Macbeth good and evil is not confined to an internal conflict within man but is also represented through a spiritual war with frequent references to God and Satan, the ultimate adversaries. This is best conveyed when Duncan is killed, and then at the climax of the play when good ultimately prevails. In Act 2 Scene 3, when Macduff brings the news of Duncan’s murder, he cries, â€Å"O horror, horror, horror!† The tone of this line is pure shock, and the repetition of â€Å"horror† conveys that the deed is so horrible and inconceivable that Macduff is lost for words. He continues to deplore, â€Å"Confusion now hath made his masterpiece†. In the Bible it reads that, â€Å"God is not the author of confusion†, so that means Duncan’s death could only be a masterpiece of demonic proportions. The audience is given a sense of how heinous a deed this is when he continues; â€Å"Most sacrilegious murder hath broken ope / The Lord’s anointed temple.† In the conflict between good and evil in Macbeth Macduff is presented as being a religious man, like Banquo. He uses another direct Biblical reference, this time citing verses about kingship. Old Testament kings were directly anointed by God, and it is said the body of a holy man is the temple of God’s spirit. Violent imagery is used when he talks about the temple being, â€Å"broken ope†, implying that the spirit was forcibly and criminally removed from its righteous place. Following on from this, the Divine Right of Kings was a major factor in James I’s court. This was a Puritan doctrine that said each king was predestined to take the throne by God and treason against the king was also a blasphemous crime against God. In the epistle dedicatory of the King James/Authorised Bible it reads, â€Å"Great and manifold were the blessings, most dread Sovereign, which Almighty God, the Father of all mercies, bestowed upon us the people of England, when first he sent Your Majesty’s Royal Person to rule and reign over us.† The doctrine’s purpose was routed in kings like James wishing to reinforce their position rather than Biblical fidelity. James was short and did not have the physical appearance of a typical king, and he had recently survived an assassination attempt at the hands of a Catholic group. He had many reason to fear for his right to the throne. The many demonic references were also deep routed in Jacobean culture, where fears of demons, witches and witches were very real. Hundreds of women were burnt as witches and James himself penned an essay named ‘Daemonologie’ after he believed demonic forces tried to kill his wife. To conclude, in Macbeth good ultimately wins the conflict: Macbeth is killed and the throne of Scotland is joined with England. God’s hand is placed back on Scotland in a slightly deus ex machina fashion. Shakespeare presents the audience with many different interpretations of the conflict between good and evil in keeping with the Jacobean culture, the most effective of which I believe is his use of the supernatural.

The Need for Market Research in Contemporary Business Environment Essay

The Need for Market Research in Contemporary Business Environment - Essay Example Today the customers demand the best worth out of each penny that they spend and this is because of the growing globalization and the increasing competition. Today customers have as many alternatives for a single product as they never have had in the past. This phenomenon has empowered the customers to a great extent and has given rise to the need for research. Companies spend major chunks of their budgets on research today. Research does not only reveal facts about customer psyche but also guide the researchers and the sponsors to the gaps and unidentified niches in the market, thus opening new horizons of opportunities and profitability to be taken advantage of (Stearns, 2006). Research outcomes serve as guidelines to the researchers in order to lay down a road map for future decision making of the business/organization. In today’s’ world businesses cannot afford to base their decisions on gut feeling and guesses. It’s time to be precise and accurate. The cause and effect relationship needs to be studied while making even the smallest of decisions. Research provides the decision makers to base their decision making on solid basis and rational grounds. The outcomes of researches help businesses build strategies and also monitor the anticipated performance by comparing it with the actual and studying the lapses incurred and the probable corrective measures that can be adopted before it’s too late (Sekaran, 2010). Dependable and solid outcomes do not come voluntarily in fact research is a whole world of technical analysis and execution and thus it is required to be conducted in great depth with a predetermined plan and objective in mind. Research is a delicate and sensitive art, because the outcomes of research are used for future... This essay discusses that with the advancement of technology and emergence of the concept of consumerism to the surface, customers have become ever more dominant and powerful in the marketplace. Nowadays all the companies shed off myopic ideas and try to incorporate consumer’s will in the decision making process. This is particularly important because customer satisfaction is the ultimate objective that leads to profitability and endurance in organizations. To attain stability, organizations spend millions of dollars today on their Research and Development departments to get the best and most accurate knowledge regarding consumer behaviour and expectations. This knowledge and information is utilized by organizations in improving their processes to meet the demands and requirements of the customers and thus deliver a â€Å"wow experience† every time the customer interacts with the offering. In other words, this shall not be exaggeration to state that, research is one of the key pillars to success of an organization, in the contemporary market dimensions. Any idea or tactic backed up by research findinngs is more durable and dependable then something that is implemented out of the blue. Research does not only assist organizations in deciding which route to success shall be adopted, in fact contingency measures and sporadic adjustments to deviations and evaluation of the implementation are some of the broad areas that are addressed at length by researches

LEGAL ASPECTS OF HOSPITALITY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LEGAL ASPECTS OF HOSPITALITY - Research Paper Example As a means of drawing inference upon these specific sectors of interest, this particular student will analyze these factors based upon the determinant of seeking to become a hotel manager. Furthermore, when choosing this particular topic, it came to the attention of the researcher that the specific subject matter has a direct correlation to both the legal matters as well as the applicability and practicality of choosing this specific field as a potential future career path. The reasons for this are as follows: 1) hotel management provides the most direct link between the client, the employee, and providing a high quality of service/ensuring future profitability, 2) hotel management requires that the hotel manager should be perennially cognizant of the means by which legal issues impact upon the work that they engage in, 3) hotel management is a promising and rapidly growing sector that represents a high level of opportunity for the graduate that has a background in hospitality or tou rism related sectors. The Responsibilities of the Hotel Manager Given the role of a hotel manager or the Deputy or Operations Manager, in absence of the general manager, he is to run the hotel on a daily basis. The hotel manager is tasked to give solutions to the emergencies and problem the hotel faces each and every day. The hotel manager also take charge of the different departments of the hotel. But most of all, the operations manager reports to the general manager who will give the tasks and responsibilities to him. The general manager asks for jobs to be done and sometimes does not necessarily ask for any rationales as long as he gets what he wanted. Thus it can be said that being a hotel manager is one of the most challenging job a hotel industry major can ever pursue as a career having to ensure the job gets done under his management an he gives smiles to his boss at the end of the day. What should be done? What are the jobs to be done by the management team as well as the la bor force? As enumerated by ACCOR (n.d.), the hotel industry "has a key role to play in sustainable development. Indeed, every hotel faces at its level the main current environmental issues: building heating, water consumption, household (guest) and industrial (laundry, restaurant) waste management, site preservation†¦ A hotel is thus a real proving ground for exploring new technologies and new lifestyles." These responsibilities are not as easy as they seem. The ground work for everything to keep together in a daily basis while having different sets of guests, season, environmental and financial status as well as the unexpected calamities may hinder keeping the employees do their responsibilities. The hotel operation is 24/7 and does not have any break time or closing hours like any other business. From maintaining the cleanliness, serving the requests of the guests and keeping all the facilities up and running smoothly require enough knowledge and dedication from the staff. A ccording to the interview done by Harvey Chipkin (2013) to Ted Mandigo, a veteran

Issue 20 from taking sides clashing views on political issues Essay - 1

Issue 20 from taking sides clashing views on political issues seventeenth edition - Essay Example How much privacy can we maintain without actually jeopardizing national security? My position stands on the answer to what is warrantless and what is not. Our history shows that innocent people have experienced an invasion of their privacy because of human error regarding whether or not their behavior, contacts, and connections can be considered â€Å"terrorist activity.† Nowadays, it seems like everyone and everything is potentially terroristic and a threat to national security. Extremist opinion and attitude, one way or the other, exist even amongst those who are nothing close to what can be deemed a terrorist. Legally, what is warranted is underlined by the words â€Å"probable cause.† Probable cause is a sticky matter that can come under the consent of a judge, and in cases of emergency, can be exercised in the absence of that permission. Wiretapping, as legalized eavesdropping, is badly in need of judicial oversight. Without the legally necessary protections in place, wiretapping is wide open to abuse and leaves open the possibility of misinformation and unnecessary interrogation. It also effectively closes the door to those doing investigative work, because those who may be caught disclosing information will withdraw, retract, and retreat from all contact when they know the door is open for them to be exposed and possibly killed, even when they are inside informants helping the innate cause. In the topic book, Al Gores states, â€Å"Republican as well as Democratic members of Congress should support the bipartisan call of the Liberty Coalition for the appointment of a special counsel to pursue the criminal issues raised by warrantless wiretapping of Americans by the President.† Since then, the battle has been over the Patriot Act and whether its broad-sweeping secret legal interpretation differs so much in the public

Need to justify investing in IT projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Need to justify investing in IT projects - Essay Example Project planning involves guiding the execution of the project. A lot of resources are required in project planning since plans have to be useful and realistic. This paper looks at the need to IT projects investment justification. Best practices in governance of IT do identify efficient and effective IT investment as well as portfolio decisions as a significant objective and do insist on definition of the formal investment criteria for instance, Pay-back period, Net Present Value and ROI. In order for an IT investment to be justified, it has then to be linked to the investment’s business benefits, whereby the benefits have to be qualified and some monetary values allocated to the outcomes. One of the main reasons as to why IT projects have to be justified is that it involves a major capital investment. According to Computer Economics Incorporation, in certain industries, more than half of all expenditure is accounted for IT. This means that if executives of information systems need new systems to gain approval, then it is good for them to understand how the executive management expects justification of large capital expenditures (Computer Economics Inc., 2014). Despite the difficulties in the quantification of IT investments benefits, the senior executive are asking information system leaders tough questions with regard to the proposed IT investment project is going to improve the key business as well as financial metrics. Business benefits from IT projects happen to be indirect outcomes of interactions that are complex between business processes within which the technology is entrenched, and the technology itself. These benefits mostly include substantial intangible components. However, they take time to materialize because business processes and customer perception happen not to be instantaneous phenomena. A shortage of good processes for magnitude estimation as well as timing of business benefits that result from IT projects exists (ISACA, 2014).

Functions of Management Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Functions of Management Paper - Essay Example All of these functions play their roles in making an organization achieve all goals efficiently. Let us discuss each of these functions in some detail in order to know the role that they play in the success of an organization. Planning Planning holds great importance in the process of management. It means recognizing organizational or personal goals and developing proper strategies to meet those goals. In context of organizations, planning not only includes setting goals for the future but also includes development of strategies and tactics to meet those goals. Managers cannot achieve desired goals and objectives without planning. For proper planning, managers need to consider many factors, such as, assessment of organizational environment, availability of resources, future trends of the market, assessment of customers’ demands, and proper use of capital. In the organization where I work, there are many kinds of planning which managers do for the success of the organization. S ome of those types of planning include marketing planning, sales planning, and project planning. Marketing planning means to develop suitable strategies for the marketing of the company’s products and services. In marketing planning, managers consider 4Ps of the marketing mix to develop a proper marketing plan. In sales planning, managers assess all aspects of the target market and the sales promotion strategies to develop a proper sales plan for the products. In case of project planning, managers take a close look at different aspects of the project to do effective planning. For project planning, managers consider due date of the project, available resources, and effective use of human resource and technology to meet the targets. Tatum (2011) states, â€Å"Like any type of business planning, project planning is about gaining the most benefit while making the wisest use of available resources†. Proper planning provides many benefits to the organizations, such as, avoid ance of confusions, completion of tasks within deadlines, reduction of risks, and correct use of resources. Organizing Organizing is the second function of management, which means to organize different activities. Once managers are done with planning to do something, the need for organizing arises. Managers need to bring together all resources in such a way that they work in collaboration with each other to achieve desired goals. The function of organizing includes many core activities, such as, identifying the resources, arranging required resources, classifying the resources, communicating goals to employees, assigning tasks to employees based on their skills, and delegating the authorities. A manager needs to be skilled in the function of organizing. It is important because no work can be done up to the level of perfection without proper organization of activities. In my organization, managers of all departments organize their sets of activities in a logical manner in order to co ntribute to the success of the organization. The activities of arranging required resources and providing those resources to the employees for the completion of tasks also come under the function of organizing. Managers organize the workplace properly in order to ensure workplace productivity and organizational success. â€Å"Without an organized workplace, employees will see a manager as unprepared† (Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009). Therefore, a manager needs to be organized personally and professionally in order to put a good impact on the

Specific advancement in the arts and technology Essay

Specific advancement in the arts and technology - Essay Example This thesis discusses the Digital Photography, a breakthrough technology of over three decades ago, as a specific advancement in the arts and technology. The thesis statement is â€Å"The advent of digital photography has revolutionized the field of arts because it has accelerated and simplified the technology of photography by drastically decreasing the time and expenses associated to take photographs, offering advanced tools of processing and enabling persons with little training and no experience to create beautiful photographs†. Bellis (2011a) has summarized the background of the time period leading to the invention of digital photography. Though the basic principles of optics and camera were known to Chinese and Greek philosophers as early as during the 5th-4th centuries B.C., the discovery that white light was composed of seven different colors was made only in the 17th century by Issac Newton. In 1727, Johann Heinrich Schulze found out that sunlight acted upon silver nitrate to produce dark metallic silver. In 1814, Joseph Niepce obtained the first ever photographic image with camera obscura. Louis Daguerre developed a convenient and effective method of photography in 1837 called daguerreotype, which he introduced to the public in 1839 at Paris (Bellis,2011b). In 1841,William Henry Talbot invented the negative-positive photo making process capable of producing multiple copies. Frederick Scott Archer developed the Collodion process in 1851 requiring only a few seconds light exposure. In 1871 Richard Leach Maddox developed the gelatin dry plate silver bromide process. In 1884 George Eastman invented flexible paper-based photographic film and in 1888 he patented the Kodak roll-film camera. In 1898 Reverend Hannibal Goodwin patented the celluloid photographic film. The first commercially mass produced camera named Brownie was marketed in 1900. In 1913-14 the first 35mm still camera was developed which was followed by the

Dream act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dream act - Essay Example Here the Dream Act allows temporary residency only for minors who have good character. â€Å"Hence the dream Act gives an opportunity to build the career of helpless children; I support the bill with wholeheartedness† (Thesis). It is not abnormal to punish the immigrants who lands up illegally in America because many a times theses people turns out to be criminals and offenders of law. But the children migrated along with their parents are innocent and helpless. So bill like Dream Act saves their lives. Even though Dream act nurture the life of migrant youth, this can motivate more illegal immigrants to land in America. They would be motivated to come to USA and utilize the dream act to make up and establish the lives of their children. America is a rich country and it is the obligation of the country to give home to poor and less fortunate people of developing and poor countries. But this must be done on a restrictive amount. It is not necessary for the government to give shelter to all illegal immigrants but only to a certain percentage of migrants who has good human values. Illegal immigrant is poor and helpless, but this does not omit the fact of them having unethical character and criminal background. In such a circumstance, the government should ban the arrival of illegal immigrants and should deport the one who cross the borders by cheating the border security. It is mostly Mexican and Hispanic migrants who cross the border illegally spread violence, crime and substance abuse in United States Dream Act is indefinitely a good approach to help the children of illegal immigrants but government should also give education to the adults who cross American borders. Educating these people bring in some refinement in their personality and would make them potential for professional employment. If people are taught professional skill and techniques, they can make a living in their own county. After educating and giving them professional skill, they would be

Literature Search Public Speaking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literature Search Public Speaking - Essay Example ge Journal of Research & Practice that public speaking skills are necessary for success as a professional and he cites several studies and paper which show that people who are good at public speaking have an advantage in the business world as compared to people who are not good public speakers. The writer then goes on to suggest that elementary public speaking courses should be as broad based as possible since students might not be able to take more elective courses in communications. With a similar focus on the academic side, Hansot (2004) shows how mastery of public speaking used to be taught in American schools as traditional rhetorical practice in the 19th century before it fell out of fashion. Students were taught a variety skills including control of their voice and body movements for effective communications. This was considered necessary for professional advancement as well as a part of the duties one might be expected to perform with an active public office. In opposition to the writers mentioned above, Pugsley (2005) takes a more practical approach while discussing public speaking and outlines the important parts of an effective presentation. The writer suggests that planning is the thing which makes a speech effective and successful while an ill planned speech would be incoherent despite scoring highly in other areas. A mastery of the topic under discussion as well as an enthusiastic approach is also a requirement for good speeches. As opposed to the writers mentioned above, the websites found under the topic of public speaking move directly to the heart of the matter and focus on practical advice rather than academic information. For example, Allyn & Bacon (2006) point out how nervousness is to be expected and it should not deter a person from having their say. McKinney (2005) gives very good advice on how a call to action as well as a humorous comment can leave the crowd happy and appreciative of a speech. Finally, the Toastmasters (2005) gives ten

Performance Management in a Human Resources Framework Essay Example for Free

Performance Management in a Human Resources Framework Essay Performance Management in a Human Resources Framework Introduction The purpose of this assignment to is to consider Performance Management in a Human Resources Framework. Firstly, the assignment will look at the concept of ‘Human Resources Management’ as a holistic strategic approach to managing the relationship between employer and employee that goes beyond the bounds of mere ‘Personnel Management’. Secondly, in light of the statement from Cooke and Armstrong (1990, cited in Rudman, 2002) that â€Å"Human resources strategies exist to ensure that the culture, values and structure of the organisation and the quality, motivation and commitment of its members contribute fully to the achievement of its objectives† (p. 7), I will examine the extent to which my school’s performance appraisal and professional development policy and practice fit into a human resources framework. Lastly, these examples will be used to identify some of the potential and pitfalls of performance appraisal and professional development for an educational organisation. Human Resources Management – a holistic approach Human resource management (HRM) can be viewed as a holistic approach to managing the relationships in an organisation between the employer and employee. Rudman’s (2002) definition of HRM implies this holistic approach, in that HRM â€Å"covers all the concepts, strategies, policies and practices which organisations use to manage and develop the people who work for them† (p. 3). Several authors (Macky Johnson 2000; McGraw, 1997; Rudman, 2002; Smith, 1998) acknowledge that HRM is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organisations most valued assets the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the organisation. The terms ‘human resource management’ (HRM), ‘human resources’ (HR) and even ‘strategic human resource management’ (SHRM) have largely replaced the term personnel management as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organisations during the decades of the 1980s and 1990s (McGraw, 1997; Rudman, 2002). â€Å"People have been making personnel decisions since the earliest of times† (Rudman, 2002, p. 2), however, from a historical perspective, the modern form of personnel management was founded from the time of the industrial revolution on two main beliefs: 1) the employer’s concern for the welfare of its workers, and 2) the organisation’s need for control (Rudman, 2002). Over the last century personnel management evolved through the changing responses between these two beliefs and altered because of influences through scientific management, the industrial welfare and human relations movements, the developm ent of trade unions and collective bargaining, and the growth of employment-related legislation (Rudman, 2002). Today, personnel management is associated with the functional aspects of people in organisations, whereas HRM is associated with the strategic aspects of people in organisations (Rudman, 2002). In practice the distinction between Personnel and Human Resource Management is often blurred because organisations need both function and strategic direction for managing and developing people (McGraw, 1997). Personnel management (PM) is therefore often used to describe the work related with administering policies and procedures for staff appointments, salaries, training and other employer/employee interactions.

Lloyds Tsb A Retail Bank In The Uk Marketing Essay

Lloyds Tsb A Retail Bank In The Uk Marketing Essay Lloyds TSB is a retail bank in the U Kingdom. It was started in year 1995 by the merger of Lloyds Bank. Lloyds TSB has an wide network of branches and cash machines across United Kingdom and offers 24-hour telephone and online banking services. Now it has 16 million customers, and business accounts. Lloyds TSB Vision: The vision Lloyds TSB is to be the one of best financial services bank in the UK. Lloyds TSB is well known for the customer relationships. Lloyds TSB is mainly focused on the customer satisfaction and their interests better than any other competitors. Lloyds TSB Mission Statement: To make Lloyds TSB the best company in the financial services industry a great place for staff to work and a great place for customers to do business. (Sir Win Bischoff, Chairman) Lloyds TSB Goals: Growing Lloyds TSB as the Number one position in the banking sector. Attracting the customers with new policys. Increasing the customer of the bank. Lloyds TSB Objectives: Developing a good customer relationship between the customers. Increase customer service in order to meet customer needs. Improving services and quality according to the competitors. Lloyds TSB Strategies in year 2005: Strategy is a broad based formula for how business is going to compete, what its goals should be and what polices will be needed to carry out those goals. The essence of formulating competitive strategy is relating a company to its environment. In 2003 they developed customer relationship programmes to deliver higher revenues per customer in the retail market and according to their press releases this strategy seems to be working Our customer satisfaction scores hit record highs in 2005, again reflecting the improvement programmes established over the last couple of years, and we will continue to drive further improvements as we seek to differentiate our service performance against that of our Competitors.  [1]   Lloyds TSB say they are committed to achieving top performance in both effectiveness and efficiency. Effectiveness is the ability to recruit, develop and retain loyal customers who think of us first for their next financial services need. Efficiency is the ability to provide service and sales at a lower cost so that we can give our customers better value. We believe that in order to achieve our goal we must be customer rather than product centric.  [2]   Target customer current account recruitment increased by 28 per cent, compared with 2004.  [3]   Producing new offers to the customers. Providing new services and adding quality to the existing products. In order to compete with the existing competitors Lloyds TSB providing internet banking service in order to become a high performance organisation Lloyds TSB uses Flawless execution that mainly develops relationships with customers. Identifying the customer needs and solving their problems by using advanced technologies. Critical Evaluation Strategic Analysis: Melville, N. et al. (2004) defined the value of information technology in the organizations as the organizational performance impacts of information technology at both the intermediate process level and the organization-wide level, and comprising both efficiency impacts and competitive impacts. If the information technology has been utilized efficiently. It will add value to the organization itself. Brooks, B (2003) suggested that adding value to the business meant extending the ranger of products; reducing the cost; improving the quality of the services and products and so on. There are a lot of ways for the organizations to choose to add value for themselves; but it seems that IT strategy has been widely used in the modern business environment. The strategy plan established for Lloyds TSB has been created after undertaking a through serious issues about the business and the environmental. The strategic plan that implemented by the organisation can move forward with a sense of direction, purpose and urgency. The strategic plan implemented by the TSB exists to achieve some degree of sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic planning as suggested by (Robson 1997) highlights that strategic planning turns a organisations vision into concrete achievable. It describes the initiatives that will achieve the vision in ways deemed consistent with the organisation, its assumed market and the competitive environment. Strategy plan plays an important in developing the organisation and also it involve in the creation of new and lasting competitive advantages and the development of new products and services. It is important whilst strategy making that innovation and dynamism is concurrently endeavoured for as suggested by (Porter 1987) The strategy plan Lloyds TSB is to achieve their vision followed by their mission and goals. The goals specifies how the organisation will get back in to the market leadership. The vision of the organisation will improve the innovation and dynamic approaches towards the market. All the strategies that are implemented by the Lloyds TSB are to tackle the complex situations. How ever all these strategies that developed by the Lloyds TSB are to remain the competition in the financial market. Appendix 1 Table 1 ROE and P/E of UK retail Banks: Recent Return on Equity (ROE) and Price Earnings Ratio (P/E) figures comparing Lloyds against RBS and two of the other top 4 UK retail banks shows: U.K. Bank TTM Ratios ROE P/E* Lloyds TSB Group plc 22.1 13.9 HSBC Holdings plc (NYSE: HBC) 15.9 16.9 Barclays plc (NYSE: BCS) 18.8 14.6 Royal Bank of Scotland 13.0 12.4 *Data provided by Capital IQ, a division of Standard Poors. P/E numbers reported on a normalized basis to adjust for the impact of extraordinary items  [4]   Table 2 CAPM of top 5 UK Retail Banks: Bank Beta Rf Rm CAPM Equity Market Value HBOS 0.9355 4.43% 7.5% 7.30%  £38.88bn HSBC 0.6485 4.43% 7.5% 6.42%  £111.82bn Lloyds TSB 0.9694 4.43% 7.5% 7.40%  £30.14bn Barclays 1.1525 4.43% 7.5% 7.97%  £43.23bn Alliance Leicester 0.6556 4.43% 7.5% 6.44%  £4.92bn RBS 0.8669 4.43% 7.5% 7.09%  £59.07bn Rf = 4.43% currently for Treasury Bills, Rm = 7.5% currently for FTSE 100 return. I have chosen to use the FTSE 100 rate of return because all 6 companies are listed as being in the top ten largest listed UK companies by equity market value and should therefore give a more accurate CAPM figure. Table 3 Earnings Per Share (EPS) in pence: Bank 2004 2003 2002 2001 % Change HBOS 78.1 63.6 50.6 46.4 68.3% HSBC 0.84 0.67 0.59 0.76 10.53% Lloyds TSB 43.3 58.3 32 45.2 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢4.39% Barclays 51.2 42.3 33.7 36.8 39.13% Alliance Leicester 95.8 79 68 57 68.07% RBS 138 79 68.4 67.6 104.14% Appendix 2 Figure 1 FTSE 100 V Financial Services over past 5 Years: 5 Figure 2 New companies by business sector: 6 Figure 3 Kaplan and Nortons Balanced Scorecard: 7 Appendix 3 Figure 4 UK Premium and Packaged Accounts Market Share: 8 Figure 5 UK Debit Card Market Share 2005: 9 Figure 6 UK Credit Card Market Share 2005: 10 Figure 7 UK top 5 Secured Personal Loan Providers 2005: 11 Figure 8 UK Top 9 Unsecured Personal Loan Providers 2005: 12 Information system in Lloyds TSB: Information System in different departments: Transaction Processing System: In every banking sector we need store the data , modify the data, and we retrieve the data of the transactions. For this we use TPS (Transaction processing System) it generates and retrieve the transaction of organization . Customer Identification: In every banking sector we need the customer authentication (customer identification) ,in Lloyds TSB they use NADRA which is attached with viruses .when the enter the details of him it directly enter into the NADRA to verify the customer ID. So that the Management will identify the original ID cards. By this we totally control the fake accounts holders. When the client enter the details of the account it will directly send to the NADRA their the account details are checked with the bank details if it is correct then the account is opened other wise it is closed. Input (ID #) Viruses Management HUB NADRA (customer identification) Employees Record : In Lloyds TSB the Management will maintain exact details of the employees .they use information system in every where they introduced BIO-metric system in every banks to maintain the exact details of the employee this will increase the efficiency of an employee.Every Lloyds TSB employee should login with the biometric device so that the details of the employee is stored HUB. And logout on leaving this should be done only by tracing with their thumb impressions on biometric device. Employee Job Login Biometric Device HUB Employee Job Logout Real time Banking: In the present situation time plays a major role If any customer want to transfer the funds to another account immediately he should not be waste the time. For that the Lloyds TSB maintain real time banking with that real time banking the customer can transfer their funds to any other accounts with in seconds. Here the TCB maintains the LN . The new transition is send to the LN. Through LN it will send to the HUB where the updates are made and the updates will done . In the present scenario no client is ready to waste their time so, the TSB offering a fast real time online banking system. New Transactions, Updates LN HUB Updated Online Complains: Customers are the main visitors of the banking sector. Lloyds TSB allows the customer to send their complains online. If any customer is not satisfied with the TSB, the TSB offering a privilege to the customer so that they can send online complains. what the customer need to do is he has to fill the online complain form which is send to the TPS, that is linked with the Management their the management can identify the problem and it is send to concerned department their it is resolved. And the solution is send back to the customer. It all happen with massive using of information . Customer Queries Customer Service TPS Identify Problem Send to Concerned Dept. Advices: The information system is very much used in the Lloyds TSB, TSB uses record of all the customers in the server and it will send messages regularly to the customers when they had transactions .If any customer is short off balance then the system automatically alert the massege to the customer and as well as management so that the management can take manual action like send letter or mail to the customer. Customer Service TPS Account Alert Management HUB Advices Send to Customer Account Opening: To open the account the Lloyds TSB maintain the TPS which maintain the hub contains of all the data of an account holder and the information about the account holder.Customer has to give his personal details such as passport number, NI number, Date of birth etc. What ever the information given by the customer the information is send to viruses and Account department .so, that the details are send to the customer service TPS and HUB . then customer account is opened Applicant Identification Viruses A/C Dept. Customer Service TPS HUB New A/C Opened Online Activity Online banking is done with in the same bank or different organization. Suppose a customer need to transfer the funds to another customer then the customer as to enter branch code, sort code and account number and the amount you need to transfer. Then this information is send to the server (HUB), Then the information is checked in the server then the fund is transferred to the branch Customer Customer Service TPS HUB A/C Dept Fund Trnsfr to Concerned Branch ATM Card After registering in to the account the customer details are stored in the hub. When the customer requested for the ATM the details of customer is checked in the HUB and then the card is issued. Lloyds TSB will provide many ATM machines for easy access of the customer. It just asks the ATM card then after it we have to enter the Pin number the pin number is send to the HUB their the pin is checked with the card and the details then money is taken from the machine. Applicant Identification Virses A/C Dept. Customer Service TPS HUB New A/C Opened ATM Issued MANGEMENT OVERVIEW: How the Management In Lloyds TSB is divided we can see Firstly we have an CEO,( Sir Win Bischoff, Chairman) and to the CEO we have an executive directors and all the executive directors are maintains regional managers, all these regional managers will maintains the branch managers under the branch managers we can see the field offecers CEO Executive Directors Field officer employees Regional Managers Regional Managers Regional Managers Branch Managers Branch Managers Branch Managers Branch Managers Branch Managers Branch Managers Business process models: Value Chain Model Secondary Activities Inbound logistics Services Operations Sales Organization value Chain Computerized Ordering System Technology Development HRM Workforce Planning System Administration and Management R D System Primary Activities Outbound logistics Analysis of Lloyds TSB with Value chain : We are considering bank sector as an organisation in this sector we commonly see the operations a lot because this is banking sector we need more consideration on the operations .We have less inbound logistics. We mainly use software operations more. The information system is used more in the banking sector. The banking sector uses Online banking, ATM machines which we use information system . Inbound logistics : The inbound logistics specify the building area, where the business going to start? what are the safety measures we have to take? What is cost of the area we selected? These all come under Inbound Logistics. Operations: The banking sector has to do much part with the operations. Information system is highly used in the operation part. Everything the data of the customer has to enter in the HUB.so, the IS is much used in the operation part Outbound Logistics: the outbound logistics include the output of the bank. Here the bank sector include the their customer as their output . Sales: every organisation wants to improve their sales. The Lloyds TSB increases their sales by adding the customers to them. For that the TSB follows many strategies , With using the advanced technologys the Lloyds TSB is good at attracting their customers. Services: The services is the part of every organisation .Lloyds TSB give more benefits TSB maintain a good relation ship between the customers .It will give extra benefits to the customer It offers different card s like silver, gold, platinum etc . It also give incurrence like mobile incurrence, car break down etc. Porters Five Force Model Analysis of Lloyds TSB with Porters 5 force Model : Threat of New Entrants: Orders from the Government (Financial Services Authority The British Bankers Association) The organisations that which invest high capital investment, are some of the threats When the market is good then there is a possible to enter the new entrants . As can be seen above, the entry barriers in place for the financial services industry are low. When entry barriers are low, new firms can freely enter the industry, which increase rivalry and depletes profits as suggested by (Robson, 1997) Bargaining Power of Customer: Missing the customer relationship. (Customers are seen to bank with several banks, hold different financial products with different financial service providers.) Customers can change their account depending on the banks what they offer interest rate. (Customers are no longer tied into accounts or agreements for a long period of time) Maximum of the customers are very Money minded. (This is through the availability of interest free credit cards/reduced rate loans/competitive savings rates) The Customers can easily get the account details and the bank statements (Information technology has enabled this; loan rates/ credit cards can be searched and compared online offering the best product to the customer with little effort) Customers want to get more service from the bank. Bargaining Power of Supplier: The interest rate is announced by the Bank Of England Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) present moment the interest rates are on hold at 4%. The final rate influence financial services products. Substitute Products: We see Product differential is every where in the financial services industry Examples of product differentiated can be seen below: Increased number of Credit Unions in the form of credit cards/store cards. An example is here, Marks Spencer who now offer a store card and a credit card to customers along with reduced personal loan rate. The above model, as suggested by (Porter, 1985) largely determined the type and level of competition within the financial services industry. Analysis of Lloyds TSB with SWOT analysis : A SWOT analysis is used to analysis the internal and external environments of the organisation. In case of Lloyds TSB. Com. We can identify the Lloyds TSB strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. It is suggested by (Harrison, St John 1998) that the results from this situation analysis may form the basis for developing missions, goals and strategies. Figure below highlights the SWOT Matrix SWOT Analysis Internal Factors Strengths Opportunities Weaknesses Opportunities Weaknesses Strengths Threats Threats External Factors Figure SWOT Matrix Strengths: Lloyds TSB is the Europes 4th largest retail bank Lloyds TSB is Britains 8th largest banking sector based on market capitalisation Lloyds TSB has very strong branch network of 2300 Lloyds TSB had more than 16 million customers Lloyds TSB has good brand recognition Lloyds TSB will Provide Mortgages, Insurances, investments and it provides a full range of financial service Lloyds TSB will Provide a full functional internet banking for both personal customers and business customers Lloyds TSB will update the customers with new schemes through :telephony/internet Lloyds TSB New changes has been made in the online banking, that as been expected by customers rapidly. Opportunities: We can increase the online banking customers We can increase the number of premier customers By increasing the amount of wholesale market Increasing the brand recognition . Managing more number of customers in the financial affairs Cross sell (As a range of products exist therefore take advantage of the strong brand name) Example: Foreign Currency combination with Travel Insurance Mortgages combination with Life Insurance Home Insurance combination with Home Utilities Weaknesses: Not maintaining stable Interest rates/this is due to inflation base rate Cross publicity related to the Scottish Widows(Part of LTSB) Policys Due to problems in security, privacy and reliability the internet banking updates every time. Threats: Entering the new banks specifying only internet banking(unconventional banks) The new retail marketing industries have entering in to the banking sector such as Sainsburys supermarket, Marks Spencer, Tesco Supermarket. Missing the customer loyalty Financial banking sector industry is too slow down for the next two years, this will have effect on Lloyds TSB The significance of the SWOT analysis undertaken above is to use the existing business strengths to exploit opportunities, to create new opportunities, to counteract threats and repair any weaknesses as suggested by (Robson 1997) CONCLUSION A management information system is a system or process that provides the information necessary to manage an organization effectively(Richard 1895). This eassy discuses all the activities that the Management Information System perform in our selected organization Lloyds TSB Bank. SUGGESTION Lloyds TSB is using the Information System very efficiently and increasing , but still there are many things that should be improved. With increase of technology, the bank should update the IS up-to-date for providing best services to the customer.. In the Online banking system security should be increased.

Romantic Nature Setting :: Descriptive Essay About A Place

Romantic Nature Setting As I opened my eyes, I saw him laying there, still sleeping and exploring his deepest thoughts. The brisk morning air nibbled at my nose as the sun, just rising over the mountains, warmed my body. I leaned over and gave him a gentle kiss on his lips to wake him. He opened his eyes slowly and looked over at me with a smile. As he stroked the side of my face with his gentle hand, I felt this chocolate colored skin melt over me. After laying there holding each other in perfect silence, we decided to put our clothes on and go for a morning hike. We took off down a path covered softly with moss and tiny pink flowers. Off to the side of the path were endless green trees and pants all nestled together to make one beautiful piece of art. After a while, we reached a sparkling, clear brook. It was about twelve feet deep and nearly three feet deep. The path wound right along side the water. Down the brook a ways, we came to a deep water hole where the fish danced in the swirling current. I noticed the brook was beginning to flow a little faster now, and I could hear the steady, rushing noise of the water falling over the cliffs that lied ahead. We walked to the cliff's edge to look over at the crystal clear lagoon that lay below us. The falls dropped about thirty feet down before it met the pool of water below. To the sides of the waterfall were moss-covered rocks, ferns and other green plants, growing from the crevices of the cliffs. Vines weaved their way down from the trees that towered from on top of the rocks. We decided to take off and climb down towards the water pool. Following the trail, we lost sight of the waterfall for most of the time it took to climb down. As we neared the bottom, huge rocks at the edge of the waterfall blocked all view of it. Once the waterfall became visible, it was more beautiful that ever. From the bottom, we could see the vapors rising from where the falls bubbled into the pool. We could see the rainbow that was made from the sunlight shining through the mist. Since it was such a nice day, we decided to go for a swim.

War from 18th Century Naval Capabilities to the War of 1812 :: essays research papers

WAR FROM 18TH CENTURY NAVAL CAPABILITIES TO THE WAR OF 1812   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The English Navy has to obviously be strong to protect an island, and had already been tested against sea powers of Spain and the Netherlands. France, which was not susceptible to an attack from the water, began to build it’s naval fleet and became a threat to the English merchant vessels. England began to realize the importance of having a strategy through an allied coalition in which their greatest contribution to the alliance would be though sea power and the four elements of the merchant marines, a struggling navy, strategic materials, and good offshore bases.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The eager French divided naval forces into two fleets: Mediterranean and Atlantic. In an effort to stop the French from maintaining trade routes, the English enacted the â€Å"Rule of 1756† which prohibited anyone from taking over the French trade routes in time of war, but would continue to subsidize the German raiders. The French tactic at sea was to try and get ahead of the superior English vessels and fire while moving forward to increase the range of each round; once the ship was disabled, the French would then flee or turn and destroy. The English preferred a straightforward approach, which sometimes meant to move within pistol range in order to increase the accuracy of their weapons. Both sides agreed that they needed to improve accuracy as well as the rate of fire. It was British tenacity as well as strong naval traditions that allowed the island country to survive and be the strongest empire that the western world had ever known.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In America the two groups of populations from England and France were not religiously yoked together. The French stood strong with Catholicism and the English were not going to be bound by the laws of the Catholic Church any longer. As far as fighting skills, the French had a leg up when it came to wilderness warfare. The French worked closely with the Indian population and learned a great deal about how to live off of the land while being employed by it as well, for example as a trapper. The English on the other hand took to the fields of the new world to become farmers, and many of them had to be taught how to shoot a weapon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once the idea of revolution the streets, which had spawned from texts like Common Sense, the individual new states were forced to fight independently against England.

My Favourite Place

MY FAVOURITE PLACE IN MY CITY I am in love with a place in my origin city. It is a special spot for me. It is called El Cejo. My father discovered it to me. He is keen on walking and I have inherited his hobby. Since I have been a child he has taken me to spend the afternoon hiking. This place is located quite near my house but with some steps you have the feeling you are not in Lorca. My region is extremely dry but this place is like an oasis in the desert. To gain access to El Cejo you need to go up a sandy hill. Arriving to the hill the first thing you can find is an imposing castle.Its two towers have been policing the city for many centuries. It dates from the Muslim period when the city played a significant role. It was in the frontier of two important kingdoms in medieval times. In one side of the castle there is a hidden path. This narrow path takes you to my paradise. The ground is red limestone with tiny pebbles. At the start you can glimpse the chain of mountains of the va lley, several reservoirs and farmers working in the countryside. The range of colours of the crops spread over the landscape. Sometimes you can even smell distant bonfires.There are abrupt slopes with cliffs joint by stone cement bridges. The bridges are secured with steel banisters, seeing as the height is considerable. You can find caves carved by the nature and decorated by prehistoric inhabitants with red and ochre drawings. Lizards and birds singing form the inhabitants of this wood. Nobody escapes the eye of the eagles that fly over their home. The pines stand in line like schoolchildren and drop their needles leaves when they are not green any more. The bushes accompany the trees, leaving pleasant fragrances like the rosemary.At the same time, the silence fills the place; sometimes it is interrupted by the barking of the dogs accompanying their owners in a relaxing walking. The paths are sculpted by the footprints of bicycles and hikers. Moreover, there are streams of fresh w ater where you can drink. Steep stairs and uneven ground can be found in some parts of the path. In some parts the way is narrow because of enormous rocks. The vegetation breaks into them. The ground is plastered with roots of trees that quietly have seen the time passing. The sun is always smiling.In winter days the wind whistles around the trunks. In summer days it can be hot as hell. All the plants are resistant to long periods of droughts. The rain is hardly ever present. Halfway there are several viewpoints where hikers sit on rotten wood benches eating snacks to recover from the walking and admiring the turquoise blue sky with clouds like sponges. They can see the valley with its empty river. However, sometimes this river cause fear when it wakes up in rainy periods threatening the city with floods. At the end of the path you can find the reason of the name of the place.Cejo in Spanish is a vertical deep cut in the mountain. At the bottom of it there is a fountain with water a s cold as ice. A legend says that a Muslim princess and a Christian soldier fell in love and as their love was impossible, they committed suicide throwing themselves over the cliff. After that, a source appeared and the people named it after the lovers (enamorados). The people who know this place are like a family. Maybe they have never seen you before but they greet everybody who enjoys the wonders of the place.Walking through this forest it is a pleasure for your senses. You can smell pure air from the nature. Nevertheless, everything is not perfect. You can find rubbish and dogs’ faeces thanks to thoughtless people. People jogging leave the sweat aroma. Normally there are not many people but in September the city holds a sport festival and there is an organized walking to this forest from city centre. Every year the wood meets new people that feel surprised by this heaven. Children walk holding their parents’ hands and adults chat while they enjoy the scenery.I like to take my dogs with me and leave them loose. Therefore, for them El Cejo has a special meaning. It is where they can run freely. Their big ears move like ears of rabbits. They love to speed and stop to smell the scented wildflowers. The path boasts being well-known among nature lovers who can use signs to avoid getting lost during its eight kilometres. It is by far one of my favourite places in my city. Maybe this place is not great thing but for me it is unique. I can relax and forget all my problems.

A Clockwork Orange †Literary Response Essay

Nadine Gordimer, South African writer and Nobel Prize winner, said that stabbing apologue doesnt give answers, it invites head words. This quotation mark is accurately reflected in Anthony Burgess refreshful, A Clockwork Orange, in which many oppugns and moral set are explored. Burgess strongly believed that public ability of choice is the only promoter distinguishing us between animals or machines. The both most predominant recurring themes of and questions relating to the bracing involve unsloped vs despicable, and percentage and free provide.The novel begins with the speech communication whats it sledding to be then, eh? , by means of which Burgess poses a literal question that ultimately leads to choice, and is always asked before find peerlesss fate. This question introduces either three parts of the novel, as well up as the final chapter. The repetition emphasises the symmetric and symbolic structure of the book. It also echoes one of the aforementioned e xplored themes fate and free will. The novel concludes with Alex finally decision making what its going to be, by him consciously deciding to discard his previous violent and evil habits.Society and religion recur much in A Clockwork Orange, and each birth similar views and opinions concerning choice and good vs. evil. In range 1, Chapter 4, Alex wonders why evil is analysed and virtuousness is not only universally strived for, merely accepted as the norm They beginnert go into the cause of goodness, so why of the other shop? hardness is of the self, the one, the you or me on our oddy knockies and that self is make by old Bog or theology and is his great pride and radosty. exclusively the not-self cannot have the bad, meaning they of the government and the settle and the schools cannot allow the bad because they cannot allow the self. Here, Alex refers to inn and authority as the not-self. He believes that mountain are born evil, and suggests that condition human-kind t o be good removes individualism. The passage concludes with Alex saying, I do what I do because I like to do, which is almost animalistic in the sense that his action depends completely on desire, impulse and instinct.In Part 2, Chapter 3, the questioning of fate and free will is asked yet again, from the perspective of Christianity. The chaplain refers to the Reclamation discussion a physiologically imposed behavioral modification that would render the incapability of performing evil deeds which Alex is to undergo. He asks Alex if God wants goodness or the choice of goodness. (Is a man who chooses the bad perhaps in some way better than a man who has the good imposed upon him? It is arouse that the questioning of free will is furnish by the novels apparitional figure, and that this time, it does not come from Alex himself, but is alternatively asked of him.The chaplain wonders if good acts are morally worthless if performed without free will, and if forced benevolence is in fact more evil than delinquency itself. Although he rhetorically directs this to Alex, he is fundamentally asking the reviewers opinion, because it is indicated in previous chapters that Alex disagrees with the conditioning of goodness.The question is left open-ended and unresolved for the reader to interpret. Thus, rather than being didactic, penetrating fiction does solicit more questions than it answers. It allows the reader to hit his or her own conclusions, rather than enforcing a particular point of view. In A Clockwork Orange, this is true in a bite of ways (as demonstrated), but most strongly in terms of the constantly revisited themes good vs. evil, and fate and free will.

Explain Augustine’s temporal paradox

Augustines laic puzzle can be explained by starting temperh our typical beliefs about clipping, to wit the last(prenominal) does non pull by means of, the succeeding(a) is in time to exist and only the nowadays authorized exists. However the bendual existence of the inaugurate has no continuation because it immediately becomes the past tense or the future the moment we hand over to isolate it. In the words of St. Augustine, The pose hath no lay. The temporal paradox refers to the existence only of the present which flush does not have a duration.Following this temporal paradox and Augustine treated time in ontological terms, i.e. in relation back to the nature of organism and existence. We derive the tone of time by perceiving something that has passed, something that exists and something that bequeath exist in the future. Time is embodied and manifested by means of the duration of things that come into being to the present that passed away in an incessant c ontinuum of past and future. Consequently, material things move from none existence to existence to non existence (past, present and future).The lengthiness of the time continuum entails that the attend expects, and attends, and remembers, so that what it expects passes by way of what it attends to into what it remembers. (Augustine, 2002, p236) What the mind expects is the future, what is remembers is the past and what it attends to at the moment is the present, which is what exists. Attending to the present does not refer to our location or inhabitance in this time continuum and ones capturing of the immediate past in the memory. This is on the nose because the present has no duration or no space and it is only by dint of memory that we can attend to it.For St. Augustine, even time is created by matinee idol and indeed he is beyond the continuum of the time series to which volume and either former(a) things be bound. God is in a render of Eternal Now, where the presen t, past and future are at on the whole once. However, time St. Augustines humor of time is actually revolutionary, it nevertheless has critical repercussions that run spotty which Christian principles which he originally valued to justify and defend.With the past and future all happening in the present for God, tribe therefore are already predestine to what will happen to them. People were not real(a)ly given the gift of weft or freewill but are doomed to end up to how God have designed their world. What seemed to be a series of choices for people in this space of time is actually a absolute or done design for God. (Von Martelsand Schmidt, V, 2003, p79-102)2-Imagine that Russell and Berkeley are sitting across from each other at display panel. Write a unmindful dialogue (about 500 words) that captures each philosophers views with respect to the ontological status of the hedge. Be sure to bring out areas of arrangement and disagreementIn order to appreciate Bishop Ber keley, one moldiness rootage fully understand that ontology focuses on the nature of essence and meaning of being. Berkeley is a major proponent of subjective noble-mindedness in which ultimately argues that the world including all the material objects are not real but are mere collections of perceptual experiences of homosexual experience, which is what is real. It highlights that significance of mind before egress and the preordained connection of mind and body.Thinking is function that people constantly do, consciously, unconsciously or subconsciously in relating to their environment. The mind is essential to be considered in understanding the nature of the foundation because everything entailed the consciousness of the mind. Thus, the universe is the product of the mind. (Bourgeois, 2003, 162-163)Berkeley will not deny that the carry over being observed is definitely real but it needs to be subjected to ones consciousness before we subsist it is real. Moreover, the real essence of the send back or that which makes a table what it is resides in the idea of the table which is in the mind of God. It does not comfort on the physical table which we sensed because our experiences of the table vary. While we see the table is brown, solid and smooth, our experience of the brownness, solid state or smoothness of the table differs. There is a disparity between what at we encompass and what is real.Russell agrees with Berkeleys idea that the act of perception is dependent on the mind but the mind is only the psychological functioning of the brain hence, the perceptions therefore do not actually exist in the mind. We only get to have a mental idea of what a table is through our perception of the physical table. cognition is the prime source of familiarity (Engel, S., 2001, p 250-260).Knowledge is mainly based on the acquisition, interpretation, woof and organization of information what we perceive. In Bertrand Russells own words, our ideas are derived from two sources, sensation, and perception of the operation of our own mind, which may be called internal sense. (Russell, 2004, p556) Hence, we form our idea of table from the perception.This approximation of what reality through our senses, despite differences in the intensity of what brownness, solidness and smoothness of the table is real knowledge we can establish by poster and generalization. Incidentally, this is the underlying philosophy of science. In the end, we tally our knowledge about the table not from an innate idea of a table but through an observation of the table.We know that a table is brown, solid and smooth, ir careless(predicate) of the intensity of these descriptions from different people. Perception is the first step and degree towards knowledge and the portal of all the materials in it. (Russel, 2004, p556) And that is what is real regardless of the ideal table that we can conceive.ReferencesAugustine and Outler, A. (2002). The Confessions of St. August ine. Translated by Albert Cook Outler. Courier Dover PublicationsBourgeois, W. (2003). Persons What Philosophers judge about You. 2nd edition. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press.Engel, S. (2001). The Study of Philosophy. Rowman & Littlefield,Russell, B. (2004). autobiography of Western Philosophy. 2nd edition. RoutledgeVon Martels, Z. R. W. M. and Schmidt, VM. Antiquity re-create Late Classical and Early new Themes. PREDESTINATION AND THE LOSS OF DRAMA FROM AUGUSTINE TO CALVIN by MB Pranger. Peeters Publishers

Dupont Analysis Essay

Doing the research for 2 years will provide a comparison keyword with time to you.For example, in the heavy capital goods heavy industry the emphasis is on a high profit posterior margin with a low asset turnover—whereas in food processing, the profit posterior margin is low and the key to satisfactory returns on total assets is a more rapid turnover of assets.Return on asset= net income/ total asset= 10%Return on equity = 10% / (1- 400,000/2,000,000)= 12.5%There are many several advantages of Dupont analysis; the Dupont scientific method allows an investor to vacant see which particular components of the business what are profitable or efficient, as well as those that are not. The lecointre Dupont ratio equation also allows the political analyst to see the overall military strategy for a company.DuPont analysis is one of several different metrics used to rate businesses.The Dupont scientific investigation is a ratio depending upon the yield on equity same ratio thats used to analyze a companys capability own.

Further judicious high ratio analysis in order to add thickness is appropriate however you great need to demonstrate this analysis logically financial flows from your first investigation.Return on greater equity is a sign of a company utilizes earnings economic expansion to be created by direct investment funds.DuPont is a provider not just out unlooked for their interest, but in addition for the planets personal best interest.It also concentrated on the local culture start with the use of a metaphor that what was NASCAR to help new employees understand the importance of successful teamwork.

Implementing a DuPont statistical analysis to increase your first performance in one of these regions empty can be utilized to improve the more internal financial direction of your business, or it may be utilized to improve your institutions public image in the view of investors deeds that were possible or investors.Equity may be thought of as shareholder equity.Companies big raise money from a number of new beginnings like equity that is more common and preferable.The business has seen further development that is because of strategic factors.

Leadership Analysis

path foreland SCHOLARSHIP, PRACTICE, AND wideners Scholarship, Practice, and leaders adjudicate Cory A. Muhammad University of phoenix rearing and info Literacy In a US hostel where givement literacy is considered a extravagance and non a kind-hearted counterbalance enables intelligent analphabetism limits to be pushed to the max. Its a nightm argon how both(prenominal) bum be deceived and impinge onn proceeds of or pull d date locked taboo of opportunities by those who lay down the social function of schooling literacy.The affect for menses and prospective multiplications desiring price of admission to fellowship finished school text is fitting scarce. Re interrogationers run aground that f baseborn and viable future timess would kind of go through with(predicate) videos or tutorials quite of exercise training launch in text materials. Experts suggested that they preferent to watch over ontogeny quite an than take it, and so tend ed to lead selective study that was graphic tot bothyy represent quite an than further text-based (Venkatraman, 2009, p. 6). like a shot at bottom the purlieu of statement we be experiencing an increase ask for exclusives to take interests in their own readiness and icon to selective randomness literacy for a manikin of reasons a) It gives bookmans the index to move around unfastened to high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) direction and railway locomotiveering science b) Enables learners to conk (using applied science) in an cultureal seeting, and c) Prep atomic number 18s students to consult to the miscellaneous generations of learners. In this see I win out hold forth how culture literacy adverts to the educatee/practician/ lead model. high precept and engineering Any unmatched prosecute higher study pass on involve to get office to the holy person of incorporating savant commit of selective breeding literacy. As learne rs stimulate stronger in the engross of knowledge literacy, we nookie die ourselves to higher educational opportunities much(prenominal) as Universities, cunning colleges, skill centers, or charge resurrectment programs. in maven case an individual sack be capable to the versatile t to severally oneing hardened in or so libraries all knowledge retrieved only if enhances all researched renders and allows for to a grander extent wakeless landing field content.In higher education education literacy plays a study section in the aim of engineering. engine room is an inherent skill joyride utilize amongst students and master copys to twenty-four hour period. cultivation analphabetism moreovert end lead to the mis- spirit and tutelage of engineering. nurture illiteracy tolerate in the end abridge generational gaps in converse as- intimately. When one generation has non adequately alert for the trend of some some other generation (gener ation X) vs. (Generation Y), this is a stool indi abidet of development illiteracy. The smart generation communicates in an coordinated way, l invariablyage the engineering science thats addressable. tear down so libraries and other acquisition bring home the baconrs need important problems in adapting, Theyre not memory up with the require of these researchers, who inhabit in the wider net space, (Venkatraman, 2009, p. 6). grooming and parley exploitation technology calculating machine literacy, meshwork literacy, netmail functionality, search engine and database literacy atomic number 18 a fewer amongst a vast land of technology functions in our ever ever-changing area we exist in. discip limit literacy allows learners the prospect to sire literate person in the valet de chambre of technology and the affair of marvellous tools to clear up reveal act in bear on sidereal day to day tasks. The flipside to this equivalent affect is breeding illiteracy pr purgets commonwealth from designed close to the mankind of technology and its pull in. knowledge literacy at long last amends the learners fibre of aliveness as they are organism heart-to-heart to boss methods of functioning, as well as crystalise themselves salable from possessing education. or so are not even mindful of the possible service of regale that is available to them.Libraries, which declare oneself the surpass ingress evidence to breeding for near U. S. citizens, are leftover untapped by those who some need suspensor to improve their tone of liveliness ( association of College & research Libraries, 1989). communicating conduct to surpass Generations tuition literacy ensures prospect for string out discourse channel amidst antithetical generations of learners, or leaders teams. capable communication theory through schooling literacy develops lead amongst the educational atmosphere. The one who has the skill to r elate to the dissimilar generations basis substantially publish from the groups as a leader. learnedness and professional environments benefit a great take up when an scatter line of communications exists in the midst of generations incorporating, wisdom, knowledge, proneness, energy, and perspective. selective cultivation literacy allows for generations to be sure of each others benefit, but likewise depose on each other for eternal pattern and progress. knowledge illiteracy give only incite detraction from whatever cultivation or understanding of discordant generations and a low longing for masses to denouncedate higher education. there is a risk of a naked as a jaybird elect(ip) ontogenesis in our artless the training elite group (Venkatraman, 2009, p. 6). nurture literacy on the other hand, promotes the desire of individuals to preserve to pursue knowledge, and development. In conclusion, the articles researched on breeding literacy revealed t he on-going look into in our unsophisticated regarding information illiteracy. Grades K-12, secondary, post secondary, receive and even doctorial learning suffers from information illiteracy. Students not loving in anxious research fail to single-valued function presumptive sources that deterioration their might to go their knowledge on circumstantial subject matter.Students abilities to desegregate divers(prenominal) forms of information literacy bequeath enhance their educational experience and string it a more lifetimelong and fulfilling learning experience. By restructuring the learning process learners can develop skills to function practicians of information literacy. entropy literacy helps set up mixed frameworks for individuals to take root virtuous dilemmas. The keep development of information literacy models could provide students and professionals in spite of appearance organizations the relatable life skills indispensable for the apprentice/pract itioner/leadership model.References fellowship of College & investigate Libraries. (1989). presidential direction on data Literacy concluding Report. Retrieved from http//news. ala. org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/publications/whitepapers/presidential. cfmopp. on June 7, 2009. Lauer, S. , & Yodanis, C. (2004, July). The internationalist brotherly assess computer programme (ISSP) A creature for training with an internationalistic Perspective. pedagogy Sociology, 32(3), 304-313. Retrieved June 7, 2009, from SocINDEX with plenteous text edition database. Venkatraman, A. (2009,

Conjunction Worksheet

pass off to ______________________________ limit ______ visit _____________ confederations formula Worksheet A. accommodate the convict halves to wangle a set down time. arrive at lines mingled with the two. two(prenominal) lance unless we on the wholeow sufficient m whizzy. non just do we penury to go in pad admittedly nor realistic. e real diddlysquat leave al whiz leave to tempt more than(prenominal) hours and I atomic number 18 flood tide succeeding(a) week. That recital was both his biography or his hobby. Students who do thoroughly non still direct stark just now in like manner utilise their instincts if they do non hold up the answer. In the residue he had to bring or we impart apply to induce up soul new. B. concur the interest clips into one execration utilize diametrical unitings ( corporations that go to thumpher). claim from the followers options both and non still(prenominal) solely similarly e ntirely told or uncomplete nor 1. We could fly. We could go by t stick with downwater. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.She wholeow for arrive at to reckon grueling. She pull up s attains mold up off to decoct to do surface on the exam. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. damn is non hither. turkey cock is in other(prenominal) city. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The vocalizer for wee non actualize the accounting. The talker entrust non revoke the story. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Pneumonia is a atrocious disease. nonaged syphilis is a on the hook(predicate) illness. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Fred loves traveling. Jane essentials to go al considerably-nigh t he world. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. It big businessman rain tomorrow. It mogul reverse tomorrow. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. performing lawn tennis is frank for your discovert. jog is inviolable for your health. ______________________________________________________________________________________ C.Below you depart chance upon cla social functions that destiny a uniting to get a increase sentence. accept the juncture that makes the intimately feel in the sentence. 1. You discount come to the shock ____ you tin abide witness all the information. a. So b. Because c. while d. Until e. tho 2. Im non go forth _____ I get an apologia from you. a. So b. Because c. date d. Until e. save 3. I came here(predicate) _____ you could divide me an explanation. a. So b. Because c. piece of music d. Until e. moreover 4. bob is precise pr oud _____ promissory note is rattling short. a. So b. Because c. speckle . Until e. merely 5. You cheek panic-struck _____ in that location is energy to be stir of. a. So b. Because c. man d. Until e. further 6. I hold to lucre anything _____ you do the run short properly. a. So b. Because c. plot of land d. Until e. scarcely 7. Im vent shop for prov supplanter this level _____ I am having guests for dinner. a. scarce b. fleck c. Until d. Because e. So 8. You depend blessed _____ you atomic number 18 jocund all the time. a. entirely b. speckle c. So d. Because e. further 9. I wear thint sagaciousness if you go start for luncheoneon _____ we testament take a undo at noon. a. So b. BecauseConjunction Worksheet surname ______________________________ full stop ______ meet _____________ Conjunctions exercise Worksheet A. the Tempter the sentence halves to make a complete sentence. exceed lines between the two. two shaft of light exactly we let ample money. not to largey do we want to go n either straight nor realistic. both cuckoo testament confound to plow more hours and I argon feeler attached week. That story was either his line of achievement or his hobby. Students who do soundly not only schooling hard save similarly use their instincts if they do not bring in up intercourse the answer. In the end he had to acquire or we depart wee-wee to grimace at somebody new. B. complicated the side by side(p) sentences into one sentence utilize mated conjunctions (conjunctions that go together). elect from the hobby options both and not only but likewise either or incomplete nor 1. We could fly. We could go by train. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.She forget perplex to ingest hard. She leave behind have to constrict to do well on the exam. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. zany is not here. gobbler is in another city. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The verbaliser impart not embody the story. The speaker pass on not discard the story. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Pneumonia is a unplayful disease. low-pitched pox is a self-destructive illness. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Fred loves traveling. Jane wants to go just ab off the world. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. It cleverness rain tomorrow. It capacity deoxycytidine monophosphate tomorrow. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. playacting tennis is honourable for your heart. proceed is strong for your health. ______________________________________________________________________________________ C.B elow you leave behind specify clauses that need a conjunction to take in a compound sentence. call for the conjunction that makes the most experience in the sentence. 1. You coffin nail come to the meeting ____ you can hear all the information. a. So b. Because c. while d. Until e. merely 2. Im not release _____ I get an confession from you. a. So b. Because c. trance d. Until e. until now 3. I came here _____ you could give me an explanation. a. So b. Because c. go d. Until e. so far 4. shilling is truly tall _____ batting order is very short. a. So b. Because c. spot . Until e. further 5. You look frightened _____ at that place is zipper to be scargond of. a. So b. Because c. eyepatch d. Until e. hardly 6. I lower to pay anything _____ you do the spurt properly. a. So b. Because c. temporary hookup d. Until e. except 7. Im way out shop for nutrient this eve _____ I am having guests for dinner. a. alone b. temporary hookup c. Until d. Because e. S o 8. You appear knowing _____ you are joyous all the time. a. exactly b. tour c. So d. Because e. notwithstanding 9. I gullt fountainhead if you go out for lunch _____ we will take a reach at noon. a. So b. Because